St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
S.M. Kirov Military medical academy
The official printing authority:
St. Petersburg, Russia
Institute of Medicine Saint Petersburg State University
ЕАР - Eurasian association of pathophisiology

PREPARING FOR PUBLICATION:

EDITORS CHOOSE

03-06 .07. 2024 г. Moscow, in First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov (Sechenov University)

Authors: . G. Shcherbak, A. Yu. Anisenkova, S. V. Mosenko, E. V. Puzankova, O. P. Mamaeva, D. A. Vologzhanin, N. Yu. Gavrilova, V. A. Ryabkova, L. P. Churilov, E. D. Ratnikov, A. S. Golota, T. A. Kamilova
Authors: L. P. Churilov, O. V. Danilenko
Author: A. V. Barsukov

THE MOST QUOTED ARTICLES

THE MOST QUOTED ARTICLES:


THE MOST QUOTED. Abstracts

The provision of medical care to patients with an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), in the absence of specially developed means of specific prevention and etiotropic therapy, is forcedly based primarily on pathogenetic and symp-tomatic approaches.
The development of clinical symptoms and organ damage in COVID-19 is largely associated not only with the immunopathological response to infection, but also with virus-specific coagulopathy associated with inflammation.

From the point of view of pathogenesis, the most effective areas of assis-tance in current conditions is the use of immunomodulators, anticoagulants, antifibrinolytics, nonpharmacologic prevention of thromboembolic complications.

The article presents the results of the literature analysis and current clinical guidelines on these issues (bibliography: 78 refs).
The development of clinical symptoms and organ damage in COVID-19 is largely associated not only with the immunopathological response to infection, but also with virus-specific coagulopathy associated with inflammation.

From the point of view of pathogenesis, the most effective areas of assis-tance in current conditions is the use of immunomodulators, anticoagulants, antifibrinolytics, nonpharmacologic prevention of thromboembolic complications.

The article presents the results of the literature analysis and current clinical guidelines on these issues (bibliography: 78 refs).
A. S. Polyakov, V. V. Tyrenko, Ya. A. Noskov, V. V. Shirokov
S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 2 2020 . page. 55-65
Pathogenetic approaches to the correction of hemostasis disorders and associated complications in infection caused by SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19).

Pathogenetic approaches to the correction of hemostasis disorders and associated complications in infection caused by SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19). Review of literature and current clinical guidelines

The infertility of a married couple is by far the most acute social problem. According to scientists, the male factor prevails today and can make up to 57%. The causes of male infertility are multifactorial. This article discusses the most relevant causes of male infertility (bibliography: 42 refs).
The infertility of a married couple is by far the most acute social problem. According to scientists, the male factor prevails today and can make up to 57%. The causes of male infertility are multifactorial. This article discusses the most relevant causes of male infertility ( bibliography: 42 refs).
А. А. Shmidt (1), S. A. Zamyatnin (1), I. S. Gonchar (1), A. E. Korovin (1,2)
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 4 2019 page. 56-60
Risk factors of the development of male infertiality
(1 ) S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(2) Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(1 ) S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(2) Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
This article dedicated to the publication of the first Russian edition of the reference book-atlas on identification of the medicines of Traditionalal Chinese Medicine “Materia Medica Sinica” and highlights the history of the study of medicinal materials used in traditional medicine of China by Russian travelers, scientists and doctors over 300 years of Russian-Chinese cultural relations, as well as the current state and prospects for the development of Russian-Chinese cooperation in this area.
The article dedicated to the publication of the first Rus-sian edition of the reference book-atlas on identification of the medicines of Traditio-nalal Chinese Medicine “Materia Medica Sinica” and highlights the history of the study of medicinal materials used in traditional medicine of China by Russian travelers, scientists and doctors over 300 years of Russian-Chinese cultural relations, as well as the current state and pros-pects for the development of Russian-Chinese cooperation in this area.
The contribution to the study of Chinese medicinal herbs and other materials and therapeutic methods of traditional Chinese medicine made by prominent domestic physicians, botanists, naturalists and sinologists of the past, including N. Ya. Bichurin, O. P. Wojciechowski, P. I. Kamensky, P. E. Kirilov, A. A. Bunge, A. A. Tatarinov, S. I. Bazilevsky, E. V. Bretschneider, K. A. Skachkov, V. V. Korsakov, P. A. Badmaev, E. S. Vyazmensky, V. G. Vogralik, I. I. Rusetskiy and many others, as well as by leading contemporary synologists of Russia.

The first clinical trial of traditional Chinese medicines in Russia by the Imperial Military Medical Academy in the 19th century is described; the prospects for cooperation between Russia and China in the field of medi-cinal plant growing are analyzed.

A detailed bibliography of works by Russian authors on traditional Chinese medicine is given
The contribution to the study of Chinese medicinal herbs and other materials and therapeutic methods of traditional Chinese medicine made by prominent domes-tic physicians, botanists, naturalists and sinologists of the past, including N. Ya. Bichurin, O. P. Wojciechowski, P. I. Kamensky, P. E. Kirilov, A. A. Bunge, A. A. Tatarinov, S. I. Bazilevsky, E. V. Bretschnei-der, K. A. Skachkov, V. V. Kor-sakov, P. A. Badmaev, E. S. Vyazmensky, V. G. Vogralik, I. I. Rusetskiy and many others, as well as by leading contemporary synologists of Russia.

The first clinical trial of tradi-tional Chinese medicines in Russia by the Imperial Military Medical Academy in the 19th century is descri-bed; the prospects for cooperation between Russia and China in the field of medi-cinal plant growing are analyzed.

A detailed bibliography of works by Russian authors on traditional Chinese medicine is given
Li Min (1), K. G. Tkachenko (2), A. N. Tsitsilin (3), I. L. Churilov (4), L. P. Churilov (4, 5)
(1) South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
(2) V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(3) All-Russia’s Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, Russia
(4) Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(5) Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 4 2019 год. стр. 3-25
Materia medica of tradi-tional chinese medicine in Russia:
past, present and future
Materia medica of traditional chinese medicine in Russia:
past, present and future
In juvenile obesity with pink striae, certain constitutional features of adolescents (dysplasia of connective tissue of the marfanoid phenotype) are regularly noted, and against this background, also occur signs of auto­immune thyroiditis with possible involvement of the pituitary gland and hyperprolactinemia. The excess of prolactin due to hypothyroidism and disinhibition of prolactogenesis in inflamed pituitary plays the role of a link that closes the vicious circle in the pathogenesis of the disease, since this hormone stimulates autoimmunity. In response to hyperprolactinemia, in an attempt to balance this immunostimulating effect, an excess of immuno­suppressive cortisol is formed. Hypercortisolism leads to com­pensatory hyperinsulinemia, which provokes sympatho­adrenal response to hypoglycemic attacks and results in arterial hyper­tension.

Hence, obesity with rose striae is a juvenile form of early complicated metabolic syndrome or its precursor. Since chronic autoimmune lesions of the glands are associated with an in­creased risk of neoplasia of epithelial and lymphoid cells partici­pating in these processes, the authors substantiate a possible increase in the risk of dysplasia or neoplasia of pituitary lacto­trophs against the background of obesity with rose striae. This may explain the increased frequency of prolactinomas revealed in these patients. Authors recommend medicinal treatment of this syndrome with thyroid hormones and prolactostatics, not only with diet and physical therapy and warn for higher risk of pituitary adenomas in such patients
In juvenile obesity with pink striae, certain constitutional features of adolescents (dysplasia of connective tissue of the marfanoid phenotype) are regularly noted, and against this background, also occur signs of auto­immune thyroiditis with possible involvement of the pituitary gland and hyperpro-lactinemia. The excess of prolactin due to hypothyroidism and disinhibition of prolactogenesis in inflamed pituitary plays the role of a link that closes the vicious circle in the pathogenesis of the disease, since this hormone stimulates autoimmunity. In response to hyperprolactinemia, in an attempt to balance this immunostimulating effect, an excess of immunosuppres-sive cortisol is formed. Hypercortisolism leads to com­pensato-ry hyperinsulinemia, which provokes sympatho­adrenal res-ponse to hypoglycemic attacks and results in arterial hyper­tension.

Hence, obesity with rose striae is a juvenile form of early complicated metabolic syndrome or its precursor. Since chronic autoimmune lesions of the glands are associated with an in­creased risk of neoplasia of epithelial and lymphoid cells partici­pating in these processes, the authors substantiate a possible increase in the risk of dysplasia or neoplasia of pituitary lacto­trophs against the background of obesity with rose striae. This may explain the increased frequency of pro-lactinomas revealed in these patients. Authors recommend medicinal treatment of this syndrome with thyroid hormones and prolactostatics, not only with diet and physical therapy and warn for higher risk of pituitary adenomas in such patients (13 figs, 6 tables, biblio­graphy: 72 refs).
(13 figs, 6 tables, biblio­graphy: 72 refs).
The article summarizes the authors’ long­term clinical and pathophysiological studies devo-ted to the patho­genesis of adolescent obesity with pink striae (Simpson–Page syndrome), it provides information on the history of the discovery and study of this nosological entity, considers the evolution of hypotheses about its nature as a functional disorder of hypo­tha-lamic­pituitary­adrenal apparatus associated with adolescent stresses and exhausted over-strained adaptation.

Original data presented concerning the immune­endocrine parameters and the results of magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland in patients with this syndrome. It has been shown that it is no longer possible to consider this form of patholo-gy as purely functional, since it always has signs of organic lesions associated with autoimmune processes.
The article summarizes the authors’ long­term clinical and pathophysiological studies devoted to the patho­genesis of adolescent obesity with pink striae (Simpson–Page synd-rome), it provides information on the history of the discovery and study of this nosological entity, considers the evolution of hypotheses about its nature as a functional disorder of hypo­thalamic­pituitary­adrenal apparatus associated with adolescent stresses and ex-hausted overstrained adapta-tion.
Original data presented concerning the immune­endocrine parameters and the re-sults of magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland in patients with this syndrome.

It has been shown that it is no longer possible to consider this form of pathology as purely functional, since it always has signs of organic lesions associated with autoimmune processes.
Yu. I. Stroev (1), L. P. Churilov (1), L. P. Borisova (Kruk) (2), E. S. Goncharova (3)
Yu. I. Stroev (1), L. P. Churilov (1),
L. P. Borisova (Kruk) (2),
E. S. Goncharova (3)
(1) Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian
(2) National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian
(3) Saint-Petersburg City Polyclinic N 98 SBHI, Saint-Petersburg, Russian
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 1 2021 год. стр. 15-33
A new concept of juvenile obesity with rose striae as an organic disease of the hypothalamo-pituitary apparatus associatedwith autoimmunity and presenting a risk factorfor pituitary prolactinoma.
A new concept of juvenile obesity with rose striae as an organic disease of the hypothalamo-pituitary apparatus associatedwith autoimmunity and presenting a risk factorfor pituitary prolactinoma.
The main issues of the etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of acute respira-tory distress syndrome in children and adults are considered. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a serious problem in modern pulmonology, anesthesiology and resuscitation. Given the polyethiologic and pathogenesis complexity, it is poorly amenable to therapy,
The main issues of the etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of acute respiratory distress syndrome in children and adults are considered. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a serious problem in modern pulmonology, anesthe-siology and resuscitation.
The main issues of the etiology and pathogene-sis, diagnosis and therapy of acute respiratory distress syndrome in children and adults are considered. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a serious problem in modern pulmonology, anesthesiology and resuscitation. Given the polyethiologic and pathogenesis complexity,
The main issues of the etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of acute respira-tory distress syndrome in child-ren and adults are considered. Acute respiratory distress synd-rome is a serious problem in modern pulmonology, anesthesiology and resuscita-tion. Given the polyethiologic and pathogenesis complexity,
which leads to high lethality. In addition, acute respiratory distress syndrome is often a complication of severe extrapulmonary diseases.

In this regard, only a thorough study of this problem can help in time to prevent the development of this syndrome and to prevent possible complications. Thus, despite its prevalence, acute respiratory dis-tress syndrome is an insufficiently illuminated topic that requires detailed study, and actualization of knowledge on this problem is necessary for the practical work of doctors of any specialty

(bibliography: 40 refs).
it is poorly amenable to therapy, which leads to high lethality. In addition, acute respiratory distress syndrome is often a complication of severe extrapulmonary diseases.

In this regard, only a thorough study of this problem can help in time to prevent the develop-ment of this syndrome and to prevent possible complica-tions. Thus, despite its preva-lence, acute respiratory dis-tress syndrome is an insufficiently illuminated topic that requires detailed study, and actualization of know-ledge on this problem is necessary for the practical work of doctors of any specialty (bibliography: 40 refs).
it is poorly amenable to therapy, which leads to high lethality. In addition, acute respiratory distress syndrome is often a complication of severe extrapulmonary diseases.

In this regard, only a thorough study of this problem can help in time to prevent the develop-ment of this syndrome and to prevent possible complica-tions. Thus, despite its preva-lence, acute respiratory dis-tress syndrome is an insufficiently illuminated topic that requires detailed study, and actualization of know-ledge on this problem is necessary for the practical work of doctors of any specialty (bibliography: 40 refs).
A. E. Korovin, A. A. Novitskiy, D. A. Makarov
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 2 2018. page. 32-41
Acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Current state of the problem
Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Current state of the problem
S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Possible mechanisms for the development of somatic disfunctions at the local and regional levels are considered. These mechanisms are based on the ability of the connective tissue to change its structure and functional qualities. The pathogenesis of somatic disfunctions is presented as a chain of reactions of adaptation, compensation, and decompensation
Possible mechanisms for the development of somatic disfunctions at the local and regional levels are considered. These mechanisms are based on the ability of the connective tissue to change its structure and functional qualities.
The pathogenesis of somatic disfunctions is presented as a chain of reactions of adaptation, compensation, and decom-pensation
Possible mechanisms for the development of somatic disfunctions at the local and regional levels are considered. These mechanisms are based on the ability of the connective tissue to
Somatic disfunctions can be caused by mechanical, metabolic and psychoemotional impact. Possible mechanisms for the development of somatic disfunctions at the local and regional levels are considered.

These mechanisms are based on the ability of the connective tissue to change its structure and functional qualities.
Somatic disfunctions can be caused by mechanical, metabo-lic and psychoemotional impact. Possible mechanisms for the development of somatic disfunctions at the local and regional levels are considered.

These mechanisms are based on the ability of the connective tissue to change its structure and functional qualities..
The pathogenesis of somatic disfunctions is presented
as a chain of reactions of adaptation, compensation, and decompensation
change its structure and functional qualities. The pathogenesis of somatic disfunctions is presented as a chain of reactions of adaptation, compensation, and decompensation
The pathogenesis of somatic disfunctions is presented as a chain of reactions of adap-tation, compensation, and decompensation
(4 figs, bibliography: 32 refs).
Somatic dysfunctions are specific objects of osteopathic work (M99 according to the International classification of diseases, injuries and conditions affecting the health ICD-10) i. e. they are functional reversible disorders.

They can manifest themselves in three aspects as: biomechanical, hydrodynamic/ rhythmogenic and neurodynamic. Somatic disfunctions can be caused by mechanical, metabolic and psychoemotional impact.
Somatic dysfunctions are specific objects of osteopathic work (M99 according to the International classification of diseases, injuries and conditi-ons affecting the health ICD-10) i. e. they are functional reversible disorders. They can manifest themselves in three aspects as: biomechanical, hydrodynamic/ rhythmogenic and neurodynamic.
Somatic dysfunctions are specific objects of osteopathic work (M99 according to the International classification of diseases, injuries and conditi-ons affecting the health ICD-10) i. e. they are functional reversible disorders.
They can manifest themselves in three aspects as: biomechanical, hydrodynamic/ rhythmogenic and neurodynamic.
Somatic dysfunctions are specific objects of osteopathic work (M99 according to the International classification of diseases, injuries and conditi-ons affecting the health ICD-10) i. e. they are functional reversible disorders.

They can manifest themselves in three aspects as: biome-chanical, hydrodynamic/ rhythmogenic and neurodynamic.
Somatic disfunctions can be caused by mechanical, metabolic and psychoemotional impact.
Y. P. Potekhina (1), D. E. Mokhov (2), E. S.Tregubova (2)
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 4 2017 год. стр. 16-26
Etiology and pathogenesis of somatic dysfunctions
(1) Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
(2) I. I. Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
3D-printing has undergone significant improvements since the early 1980s and has already found application in many branches of industry and technology, and still has innumerable potentialities.
3D-printing has undergone significant improvements since the early 1980s and has already found application in many branches of industry and technology, and still has innumerable potentialities.
3D-printing has undergone significant improve-ments since the early 1980s and has already found application in many branches of industry and technology, and still has innumerable potentialities.
3D-printing has undergone significant improvements since the early 1980s and has already found application in many branches of industry and technology, and still has innumerable potentialities.
3D-printers have already spread all over the world from
3D-printers have already spread all over the world from huge industrial models to small devices for non-commercial home use. There are huge prospects for the use of three-dimensional printing in the field of regenerative medicine, transplantology and prosthetics.

In the article modern technologies of 3D-printing are considered, methods of its application in medicine are described, and modern achievements and perspective lines of use in various spheres of health care are analyzed (bibliography: 40 refs).
3D-printers have already spread all over the world from huge industrial models to small devices for non-commercial home use.

There are huge prospects for the use of three-dimensional printing in the field of regenerative medicine, transplantology and prosthetics.

In the article modern technologies of 3D-printing are considered, methods of its application in medicine are described, and modern achievements and perspective lines of use in various spheres of health care are analyzed (bibliography: 40 refs).
huge industrial models to small devices for non-commercial home use.

There are huge prospects for the use of three-dimensional printing in the field of regenerative medicine, transplantology and prosthetics.

In the article modern technologies of 3D-printing are considered, methods of its application in medicine are described, and modern achievements and perspective lines of use in various spheres of health care are analyzed
O. A. Nagibovich, D. V. Svistov, S. A. Peleshok, A. E. Korovin,
E. V. Gorodkov
O. A. Nagibovich, D. V. Svistov, S. A. Peleshok, A. E. Korovin, E. V. Gorodkov
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 3 2017. page 14-22
Application of 3D-printing technology in medicine
S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
non-invasive monitor hardware and software system of medical records, medi-cal information systems of military medical institutions, and elec-tronic medical records.
It ensures the continuity of the use of a new protocol on the various stages of medical evacuation for improved health care, improving the quality of information and statistical ac-
They form the basis of integration of existing and future in-formation means information of military medical services, such as the registrar of vital activity of servicemen, portable non-invasive monitor hardware and software system of medical records, medi-cal information systems of military medical institutions, and elec-tronic medical records.

It ensures the continuity of the use of a new protocol on the various stages of medical evacuation for improved health care, improving the quality of information and statistical ac-
decision-making nurses in health care during the evacuation is shown.

They form the basis of integration of existing and future in-formation means information of military medical services, such as the registrar of vital activity of servicemen, portable non-invasive monitor hardware and software system of medical records, medi-cal information systems of military medical institutions, and elec-tronic medical records.

It ensures the continuity of the use of a new protocol on the various stages of medical evacuation for improved health care,
non-invasive monitor hardware and software system of medical records, medi-cal information systems of military medical institutions, and elec-tronic medical records.

It ensures the continuity of the use of a new protocol on the various stages of medical evacuation for improved health care, improving the quality of information and statistical ac-
The possibility of formation of system of support of decision-making nurses in health care during the evacuation is shown.

They form the basis of integration of existing and future in-formation means information of military medical services, such as the registrar of vital activity of servicemen, portable non-invasive monitor hardware and software system of medical records, medi-cal information systems of military medical institutions, and elec-tronic medical records.

It ensures the continuity of the use of a new protocol on the various stages of medical evacuation for improved health care, improving the quality of information and statistical ac-
The possibility of formation of system of support of decision-making nurses in health care during the evacuation is shown.
tivities, and medical evacua-tion support in general
tivities, and medical evacua-tion support in general
tivities, and medical evacua-tion support in general
The results of the development and testing of elec-tronic medical protocol that can be used by the medical service of the Armed Forces during the treatment and evacuation mea-sures in the course of combat operations and disaster relief are presented.

A medical protocol data structure and methodology of its formation on the basis of medical history data, the dynamics of indicators of vital functions, as well as the accounting of medical care is proposed. The possibility of formation of system of support of decision-making nurses in health care during the evacuation is shown.

hey form the basis of integration of existing and future in-formation means information of military medical services, such as the registrar of vital activity of servicemen, portable
The results of the development and testing of elec-tronic medical protocol that can be used by the medical service of the Armed Forces during the treatment and evacuation mea-sures in the course of combat operations and disaster relief are presented..

A medical protocol data struc-ture and methodology of its formation on the basis of me-dical history data, the dyna-mics of indicators of vital func-tions, as well as the accounting of medical care is proposed.
The results of the development and testing of elec-tronic medical protocol that can be used by the medical service of the Armed Forces during the treatment and evacuation mea-sures in the course of combat operations and disaster relief are presented.

A medical protocol data struc-ture and methodology of its formation on the basis of me-dical history data, the dyna-mics of indicators of vital func-tions, as well as the accounting of medical care is proposed.

The possibility of formation of system of support of
D. N. Borisov (1), V. V. Ivanov (1),
I. T. Rusev (1), S. A. Fedotkina (1, 2), M. G. Karaylanov (1),
R. N. Lemeshkin (1)
D. N. Borisov (1), V. V. Ivanov (1), I. T. Rusev (1), S. A. Fedotkina (1, 2), M. G. Karaylanov (1), R. N. Lemeshkin (1)
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 3 2017. page 95-100
Modern approaches to near informatization of dynamics of indexes of vitally important functions of organism with the use of protocol of the curatively-evacuation providing
(1) S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(2) Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Autoimmune diseases commonly develop in women, and therefore the role of estrogens and androgens in the regulation of autoimmunity has long been suggested and is well explored. Despite numerous studies, the role of prolactin in the development of autoim-mune diseases remains a subject of debates.

However, cells of the immune system do express prolactin receptors on their surface and are activated upon binding to the corresponding ligand.
Autoimmune diseases commonly develop in women, and therefore the role of estrogens and androgens in the regulation of autoimmunity has long been suggested and is well explored. Despite numerous studies, the role of prolactin in the develop-ment of autoim-mune diseases remains a subject of debates.

However, cells of the immune system do express prolactin receptors on their surface and are activated upon binding to the corresponding ligand.
Autoimmune diseases commonly develop in women, and therefore the role of estrogens and androgens in the regulation of autoimmunity has long been suggested and is well explored. Despite numerous studies, the role of prolactin in the development of autoim-mune diseases remains a subject of debates.

However, cells of the immune system do ex-press prolactin receptors on their surface and are activated upon binding to the corresponding ligand.
Autoimmune diseases commonly develop in women, and therefore the role of estrogens and androgens in the regulation of autoimmu-nity has long been suggested and is well explored. Despite numerous studies, the role of prolactin in the development of autoim-mune diseases remains a subject of debates.

However, cells of the immune system do express prolactin receptors on their surface and are activated upon binding to the corresponding ligand.
Also, prolactin is produced by the immunocompetent cells themselves, and, in addition to the systemic (endocrine) mode of signal transmission, can act locally: with paracrine and autocrine modes.
Prolactin is able, synergistically with interleukin-2, to trigger the proliferation of T, B and NK cells, it stimulates the production of interferon-Y by T-lymphocytes, promotes the maturation of dendritic cells, increases antibody synthesis and regulates the processes of B-lymphocyte immunotolerance, in addition to other hormonal effects.

This review analyzes the scholarly publications of the last five years, revealing the relationship between prolactin and the occurrence of various immunopathological diseases, especially autoimmuneones. Pathogenetic roles of huperprolactinemia in hypophysitis and hypothyroidism (bibliography: 93 refs).
Also, prolactin is produced by the immunocompetent cells themselves, and, in addition to the systemic (endocrine) mode of signal transmission, can act locally: with paracrine and autocrine modes.
Prolactin is able, synergistically with interleukin-2, to trigger the proliferation of T, B and NK cells, it stimulates the production of interferon-Y by T-lymphocytes, promotes the maturation of dendritic cells, increases antibody synthesis and regulates the processes of B-lymphocyte immunotolerance, in addition to other hormonal effects.

This review analyzes the scholarly publications of the last five years, revealing the relationship between prolactin and the occurrence of various immunopathological diseases, especially autoimmuneones. Pathogenetic roles of huperprolactinemia in hypophysitis and hypothyroidism (bibliography: 93 refs).
Also, prolactin is produced by the immunocompetent cells themselves, and, in addition to the systemic (endocrine) mode of signal transmission, can act locally: with paracrine and autocrine modes.

Prolactin is able, synergistically with interleukin-2, to trigger the proliferation of T, B and NK cells, it stimulates the production of interferon-Y by T-lymphocytes, promotes the maturation of dendritic cells, increases antibody synthesis and regulates the processes of B-lymphocyte immunotole-rance, in addition to other hormonal effects.

This review analyzes the scholarly publications of the last five years, revealing the relationship between prolactin and the occurrence of various immunopathological diseases, especially autoimmuneones. Pathogenetic roles of huper-prolactinemia in hypophysitis and hypothyroidism
N. Ali (1), E. A. Kaledina (1), A. V. Petyaeva (1), Y. I. Stroev (1), L. P. Churilov (1, 2)
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 3 2018. page 27-38
Hyperprolactinemia and autoimmunity
(1) Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(2) Saint-Petersburg State Resear ch Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
biopsies, histological examination of the surgical material. For the study were selected women whose clinical blood test at the time of the study of the level of leukotrienes indicated the absence of an inflammatory reaction in the patient’s body...

The findings suggest that one of the links in the complex pathogenesis of combined benign processes of the uterus is an inflammatory reaction, perhaps it is the initial link in the complex chain of disorders in Combined Non-Malignant Processes of the Uterus and especially pain. All of the foregoing involves the development of pathogenetic therapy using antileukotriene


mediators of inflammation of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 was determined. The diagnosis of fibroids and endometriosis or their combination was made on the basis of characteristic clinical data, transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, Cytology of graduate students and endometrial biopsies, histological examination of the surgical material. For the study were selected women whose clinical blood test at the time of the study of the level of leukotrienes indicated the absence of an inflammatory reaction in the patient’s body...

The findings suggest that one of the links in the complex pathogenesis of combined benign processes of the uterus is an inflammatory reaction, perhaps it is the initial link in the complex chain of disorders in Combined Non-Malignant Processes of the Uterus and especially pain. All of the foregoing involves the development of pathogenetic therapy using
transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, Cytology of graduate students and endometrial biopsies, histological examination of the surgical material. For the study were selected women whose clinical blood test at the time of the study of the level of leukotrienes indicated the absence of an inflammatory reaction in the patient’s body...

The findings suggest that one of the links in the complex pathogenesis of combined benign processes of the uterus is an inflammatory reaction, perhaps it is the initial link in the com-plex chain of disorders in Combined Non-Malignant Processes of the Uterus and especially pain. All of the foregoing involves the development of pathogenetic therapy using
which include leiomyoma and endometriosis of the uterus, the blood level of lipidmediators of inflammation of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 was determined. The diagnosis of fibroids and endometriosis or their combination was made on the basis of characteristic clinical data, transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, Cytology of graduate students and endometrial bio-psies, histological examination of the surgical material. For the study were selected women whose clinical blood test at the time of the study of the level of leukotrienes indicated the absence of an inflammatory reaction in the patient’s body...

The findings suggest that one of the links in the complex pathogenesis of combined benign processes of the uterus is an inflammatory reaction, perhaps it is the initial link in the complex chain of disorders in Combined Non-Malignant Processes of the Uterus and especially pain. All of the foregoing involves the development of pathogenetic therapy using
which include leiomyoma and endometriosis of the uterus, the blood level of lipidmediators of inflammation of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 was determined. The diagnosis of fibroids and endometriosis or their combination was made on the basis of characteristic clinical data, transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, Cytology of graduate students and endometrial bio-psies, histological examination of the surgical material. For the study were selected women whose clinical blood test at the time of the study of the level of leukotrienes indicated the absence of an inflammatory reaction in the patient’s body...

The findings suggest that one of the links in the complex pathogenesis of combined benign processes of the uterus is an inflammatory reaction, perhaps it is the initial link in the complex chain of disorders in Combined Non-Malignant Processes of the Uterus and especially pain. All of the foregoing involves the development of pathogenetic therapy
using antileukotriene drugs (1 table, bibliography: 10 refs).
drugs (1 table, bibliography: 10 refs).
antileukotriene drugs (1 table, bibliography: 10 refs).
The aim of the study was to study the level of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 in the serum of women with leiomyoma, endometriosis of the uterus and the combination of these processes, as well as to determine their role in this pathology.

In 73 women aged 18 to 45 years, with combined benign processes of the uterus, which include leiomyoma and endometriosis of the uterus, the blood level of lipid mediators of inflammation of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 was determined. The diagnosis of fibroids and endometriosis or their combination was made on the basis of characteristic clinical data, transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, Cytology of graduate students and endometrial
The aim of the study was to study the level of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 in the serum of women with leiomyoma, endometriosis of the uterus and the combination of these processes, as well as to determine their role in this pathology.

In 73 women aged 18 to 45 years, with combined benign processes of the uterus, which include leiomyoma and endometriosis of the uterus, the blood level of lipid mediators of inflammation of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 was determined. The diagnosis of fibroids and endometriosis or their combination was made on the basis of characteristic clinical data,
The aim of the study was to study the level of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 in the serum of women with leiomyoma, endometriosis of the uterus and the combination of these processes, as well as to determine their role in this pathology.

In 73 women aged 18 to 45 years, with combined benign processes of the uterus,
The aim of the study was to study the level of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 in the serum of women with leiomyoma, endo-metriosis of the uterus and the combination of these pro-cesses, as well as to determine their role in this pathology.

In 73 women aged 18 to 45 years, with combined benign processes of the uterus, which include leiomyoma and endometriosis of the uterus, the blood level of lipid
V. V. Simrok, D. V. Simrok-Starcheva
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 4 2018. page. 42-44
The pathogenic role of leukotrienes in combined non-malignat processes of the uterus
St. Luke’s Lugansk State Medical University, Lugansk, Ukraine
The article presents information about Ilya Vasily-evich Buyalsky — an outstanding anatomist and surgeon. In anat-omy, as in surgery, Buyalsky was an innovator. He invented a new way of embalming the corpses and was considered the only doctor who perfectly mastered this art.
The article presents information about Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky — an outstanding anatomist and surgeon. In anat-omy, as in surgery, Buyalsky was an innovator. He invented a new way of embalming the corpses and was considered the only doctor who perfectly mastered this art.
The article presents information about Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky — an outstanding anato-mist and surgeon. In anat-omy, as in surgery, Buyalsky was an innovator. He invented a new way of embalming the corpses and was consid-ered the only doctor who perfectly mastered this art.
The article presents informa-tion about Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky — an outstanding anatomist and surgeon. In ana-tomy, as in surgery, Buyalsky was an innovator. He invented a new way of emba-lming the corpses and was considered the only doctor who perfectly mastered this art.
n 1828 he published the initial part of the outstanding work, which marks a new stage in the develop-ment of surgery and anatomy “Anatomical and surgical tables”, explaining the production of operations of dressing large arteries, drawn from nature and engraved on copper with a brief anatomical description — the first domestic atlases on operative surgery and topographic anatomy.

As a surgeon, Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky possessed an excep-tionally high operational technique. Perfect knowledge of anatomy, systematic exercises on corpses gave the scalpel in his hands that accuracy, proportionality and speed of movements, which was so necessary during times of lack of anesthesia and asepsis. Par-ticularly great elegance and beauty distinguished the operation of Buyalsky on blood vessels. He was the first in Russia to success-fully impose a ligature on the brachial head...
In 1828 he published the initial part of the outstanding work, the develop-ment of surgery and anatomy “Anatomical and surgical tables”, explaining the production of operations of dressing large arteries, drawn from nature and engraved on copper with a brief anatomical description — the first domestic atlases on operative surgery and topographic anatomy.

As a surgeon, Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky possessed an excep-tionally high operational tech-nique. Perfect knowledge of anatomy, systematic exercises on corpses gave the scalpel in his hands that accuracy, pro-portionality and speed of movements, which was so necessary during times of lack of anesthesia and asepsis.

Particularly great elegance and beauty distinguished the operation of Buyalsky on blood vessels. He was the first in Russia to success-fully impose a ligature on the brachial head.
In 1828 he published the initial part of the outstanding work, which marks a new stage in the develop-ment of surgery and anatomy “Anatomical and surgical tables”, explaining the production of operations of dressing large arteries, drawn from nature and engraved on copper with a brief anatomical description — the first domestic atlases on operative surgery and topographic anatomy.

As a surgeon, Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky possessed an excep-tionally high operational technique. Perfect knowledge of anatomy, systematic exercises on corpses gave the scalpel in his hands that accuracy, proportionality and speed of movements, which was so necessary during times of lack of anesthesia and asepsis. Particularly great elegance and beauty distinguished the operation of Buyalsky on blood vessels. He was the first in Russia to success-fully impose a ligature on the brachial head.
объясняющего производство операций перевязывания больших артерий. Рисованные с натуры и гравированные на меди таблицы сопровождались кратким анатомическим описани-ем, а само издание являлось первым отечествен-ным атласом по оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии.

As a surgeon, Ilya Vasilyevich Buyalsky possessed an excep-tionally high operational technique. Perfect knowledge of anatomy, systematic exercises on corpses gave the scalpel in his hands that accuracy, proportionality and speed of movements, which was so necessary during times of lack of anesthesia and asepsis. Par-ticularly great elegance and beauty distinguished the operation of Buyalsky on blood vessels. He was the first in Russia to success-fully impose a ligature on the brachial head.
I. V. Gaivoronsky (1, 2, 3), I. A. Goryacheva (1, 2), G. I. Nichiporuk (1, 2, 3), M. G. Gaivoronskaya (2, 3)
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 4 2018. page105-114
Buyalsky i. V.— an outstanding representative of the national anatomy and surgery
(1) S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
(2) Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
3( ) V. A. Almazov Federal North-West Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
It was revealed that the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare has the following main features: artificial intelligence is effective against a limited range of pathologies when evaluating large data arrays (in particular, PACS archives for searching for hidden and missed pathologies during diagnostics); cannot be used for self-diagnosis, however, it is effective in support systems for making medical decisions, where the doctor has the final word.

The expediency of integrating artificial intelligence based on neural networks as an integral part of medical information systems and carrying out deep machine learning based on
heterogeneous medical data entering it to reveal hidden patterns and automated analytics is shown (2 figs, bibliography: 18 refs)
The aim of this work was to study the experience of using artificial intelligence in clinical practice.

The diagnostic accuracy of systems based on artificial intelligence for a number of patho-logies is approaching the accuracy of diagnosis of leading medical experts. The most pro-mising area of application of artificial intelligence in medicine is the introduction of auto-mated diagnostic systems in existing medical information systems of medical organizations.
The aim of this work was to study the experience of using artificial intelligence in clinical practice.

The diagnostic accuracy of sys-tems based on artificial intelli-gence for a number of patho-logies is approaching the accu-racy of diagnosis of leading me-dical experts.
gence in medicine is the introduction of automated diagnostic systems in existing medical information systems of medical organizations.

It was revealed that the use of artificial intelligence in health-care has the following main features: artificial intelligence is effective against a limited range of pathologies when evalu-ating large data arrays (in particular, PACS archives for sear-ching for hidden and missed pathologies during diagnostics); cannot be used for self-diagnosis, however, it is effective in support systems for making medical decisions, where the doctor has the final word.

The expediency of integrating artificial intelligence based on neural networks as an integral part of medical information systems and carrying out deep machine learning based on heterogeneous medical data entering it to reveal hidden pat-
It was revealed that the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare has the following main features: artificial intelligence is effective against a limited range of pathologies when evaluating large data arrays (in particular, PACS archives for searching for hidden and missed pathologies during diagnostics); cannot be used for self-diagnosis, however, it is effective in support systems for making medical decisions, where the doctor has the final word.

The expediency of integrating artificial intelligence based on neural networks as an integral part of medical information systems and carrying out deep machine learning based on
The most promising area of application of artificial intelligence in medicine is the introduc-tion of automated diagnostic systems in existing medical information systems of medical organizations.

It was revealed that the use of artificial intelligence in health-care has the following main features: artificial intelligence is effective against a limited range of pathologies when evalu-ating large data arrays (in particular, PACS archives for sear-ching for hidden and missed pathologies during diagnostics); cannot be used for self-diagnosis, however, it is effective in support systems for making medical decisions, where the doctor has the final word.

The expediency of integrating artificial intelligence based on neural networks as an integral part of medical information systems and carrying out deep machine learning based on
The most promising area of application of artificial intelli-gence in medicine is the introduc-tion of automated diag-nostic systems in existing medical information systems of medical organizations.

It was revealed that the use of artificial intelligence in health-care has the following main features: artificial intelligence is effective against a limited range of pathologies when evalu-ating large data arrays (in particular, PACS archives for sear-ching for hidden and missed pathologies during diagnostics); cannot be used for self-diagnosis, however, it is effective in support systems for making medical decisions, where the doctor has the final word.

The expediency of integrating artificial intelligence based on neural networks as an integral part of medical information systems and carrying out deep machine learning based on
heterogeneous medical data entering it to reveal hidden patterns and automated analytics is shown
heterogeneous medical data entering it to reveal hidden patterns and automated analytics is shown
heterogeneous medical data entering it to reveal hidden patterns and automated analytics is shown (2 figs, bibliography: 18 refs).
terns and automated analytics is shown
The aim of this work was to study the experience of using artificial intelligence in clinical practice.

The diagnostic accuracy of systems based on artificial intelligence for a number of pathologies is approaching the accuracy of diagnosis of leading medical experts. The most promising area of application of artificial intelligence in medicine is the introduc-tion of automated diagnostic systems in existing medical information systems of medical organizations.
The aim of this work was to study the expe-rience of using artificial intelligence in clinical practice.

The diagnostic accuracy of systems based on artificial intelligence for a number of pathologies is approaching the accuracy of diagnosis of leading medical experts.
The aim of this work was to study the experience of using artificial intelligence in clinical practice.

The diagnostic accuracy of systems based on artificial intelligence for a number of pathologies is approaching the accuracy of diagnosis of leading medical experts.

The most promising area of application of artificial intelli-
D. N. Borisov , I. I. Kushnirchuk , V. V. Sevryukov, E. I. Kovalenko
"CLINICAL PATHOPHISIOLOGY" № 2 2019 page26-31
The use of artificial intelligence in clinical practice
S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Russian Defense Ministry, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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